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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

| More pests | More crops | About guidelines |

Grape

Information about Relative Toxicities of Insecticides and Miticides Used in Grapes to Natural Enemies and Honey Bees

(Reviewed 6/06, updated 6/06)

In this Guideline:

Common name
(trade name)		 Chemical
class1		 Mode of
action2		 Selectivity3
(affected groups)		 Predatory
mites4		 General
predators5		 Parasites5 Honey
bees6		 Duration
of impact to natural
enemies7
abamectin (Agri-Mek) M 6 moderate (mites, western grapeleaf skeletonizer) M L M/H II long to predatory mites and affected insects
acetamiprid (Assail) N 4A broad (insects) —8 — M III moderate
Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki M 11.B2 narrow (caterpillars) L L L IV none
bifenazate (Acramite) CE 25 narrow (mites) L L L IV short
buprofezin (Applaud) TD 16 narrow (sucking insects, beetles) L H9 L IV —
carbaryl (Sevin) dust C 1A broad (insects, mites) M/H H H I long
carbaryl (Sevin) 80S C 1A broad (insects, mites) M/H H H I long
carbofuran (Furadan) soil appl. C 1A broad (soil organisms) L L L — none
chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) OP 1B broad (insects, mites) M H H I moderate
cryolite (Kryocide) I 9A narrow (foliage chewing insects) L L L IV short to none
diazinon–foliar OP 1B broad (insects, mites) L H H I moderate to long
dicofol (Kelthane) — 20 narrow (pest mites and mites) H M M IV long to beneficial mites
dimethoate OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I long
endosulfan (Thionex) OC 2A broad (insects, mites) L M M II* short
fenbutatin oxide (Vendex) OT — narrow (pest mites) L L L IV short
fenpropathrin (Danitol) P 3 broad (insects, mites) H H H I —
fenpyroximate (Fujimite) — 21 narrow (mites, some insects) — L L IV short
hexythiazox (Savey) CA 10A narrow (mites) L L L IV short to moderate
imidacloprid (Admire) N 4A narrow (sucking insects, cutworms) — L L II —
imidacloprid (Provado) N 4A narrow (sucking insects) — — H II short to moderate
insecticidal soap (M-Pede) CON — broad (insects, mites) M M M IV short to none
kaolin clay (Surround) I — narrow (sucking insects) — — — IV —
malathion OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H II moderate
methomyl (Lannate) C 1A broad (insects, mites) H H H III moderate
methoxyfenozide (Intrepid) IGR 18 narrow (caterpillars) L L L IV none
naled (Dibrom) OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I —
neem oil (Trilogy) B 26 broad (soft-bodied insects) L L L III short
petroleum oil CON — broad (exposed insects, mites) L L L III short to none
phosmet (Imidan) OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I moderate to long
propargite (Omite) OC 14 narrow (pest mites) M10 L L IV short
pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone) B/S 3 broad (insects) — — — III short
pyridaben (Pyramite/Nexter) PY 21 broad (insect, mites) M/H M — III short
sodium tetrathiocarbonate (Enzone) TH — broad (soil organisms) L L L IV none
spinosad (Entrust, Success) M 5 narrow (caterpillars, thrips) L M11 L/M III short
sulfur I — narrow (mites, citrus thrips) L/H L H12 IV short
 

 H = high    M = moderate   L = low    — = no information 

 
1 Chemical class: B = botanical; C = carbamate; CA = carboxamide; CE = carboxylic acid ester; CON = contact including smothering and barrier effect; I = inorganic; IGR = insect growth regulator; M = microbial; N = neonicotinoid; OC= organochlorine; OP = organophosphate; OT = organotin; P = pyrethroid; PY = pyridazinone; S = synergist; T = tetrazine; TD = thiadiazine; TH = thiocarbonate; TR = triazapentadiene; TZ = triazine
2 Modes of action are important in preventing the development of resistance to pesticides. Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action is assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.
3 Selectivity: broad means it affects most groups of insects and mites; narrow means it affects only a few specific groups.
4 Generally, toxicites are to western predatory mite, Galendromus occidentalis. Where differences have been measured in toxicity of the pesticide-resistant strain versus the native strain, these are listed as pesticide-resistant strain/native strain.
5 Toxicities are averages of reported effects and should be used only as a general guide. Actual toxicity of a specific chemical depends on the species of predator or parasite, environmental conditions, and application rate.
6 Ratings are as follows: I = Do not apply to blooming plants; II = Apply only during late evening; III = Apply only during late evening, night, or early morning; and IV = Apply at any time with reasonable safety to bees. If marked with an asterisk (*), the rating is the next higher rating for low label rates. For more information, see How to Reduce Bee Poisoning From Pesticides, (164KB, PDF) Pacific Northwest Extension Publication PNW518.
7 Duration: short means hours to days; moderate means days to 2 weeks; and long means many weeks or months.
8 May cause flare-ups of spider mite populations.
9 Kills lady beetles.
10  Use lowest rates for best management of western predatory mite/spider mite ratio (propargite).
11 Toxic against some natural enemies (predatory thrips, syrphid fly larva, beetles) when sprayed and shortly after (8-24 hrs.).
12 Highly toxic to Anagrus spp. parasites of grape leafhopper.
 

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[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Grape
UC ANR Publication 3448
General Information
This table was compiled based on research data and experience of University of California scientists working on a variety of crops.

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Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
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