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How to Manage Pests
UC Pest Management Guidelines
Almond
Tree
Borers
Scientific names:
Prune limb borer: Bondia comonana
American plum borer: Euzophera semifuneralis
(Reviewed 1/05,
updated 1/05)
In this Guideline:
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DESCRIPTION OF THE PESTS
Prune limb borer and American plum borer are sporadic pests in young almond
orchards. They occur from Tehama to Merced counties on all major almond
cultivars, but mostly on Carmel, Sonora, and Price. They have gray forewings
with brown and black marks and have a wingspan of about 0.75 inch. They
overwinter in a cocoon within the tree.
Adult moths emerge in April and May.
The mature larva is about 1 inch long with a dull white or pinkish body.
Females lay eggs near pruning wounds, in scaffold crotches of young trees, near
graft unions or on crown galls.
Larvae bore into trees leaving reddish orange frass and gum pockets. The boring
is most damaging to the scaffold
crotches or graft unions of young trees. Vigorous trees will heal over but
with heavy, prolonged infestations,
scaffolds may break with wind or a
heavy crop.
Monitor young orchards in spring and summer for frass and gum pockets. If
larvae are present, spray trees with a hand held sprayer from 1 foot above the
scaffold crotch to 1 foot below, two to three times during the growing season.
The first application should be mid- to late April and subsequent applications
at 6-week intervals. Efficacy is improved if the trunk is painted immediately
following a trunk spray with a latex paint to protect against sunburn. The
paint helps to preserve the insecticide and give protection over a longer
period of time.
| Common name |
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P.H.I.+ |
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| (trade name) |
Amount to use |
(days) |
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A. |
CARBARYL* |
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(Sevin) 80S |
2.6-6.25 lb/acre |
14 |
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COMMENTS: Do not exceed 6.25 lb carbaryl 80S/acre. |
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(Sevin) XLR Plus |
2 qt/acre |
14 |
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COMMENTS: Do not exceed 10 lb/acre. |
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| B. |
CHLORPYRIFOS* |
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(Lorsban) 4EC |
3 qt/100 gal |
14 |
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COMMENTS: Apply 0.5-1.5 gal/tree trunk. Use allowed
under a Special Local Needs registration.
Avoid contact with fruit and foliage. Do not allow
livestock to graze in treated orchards. Avoid drift or tailwater runoff into
surface waters. |
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UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Almond
UC ANR Publication 3431
Insects and Mites
F. G. Zalom, Entomology, UC Davis
C. Pickel, UC IPM Program, UC Cooperative Extension, Sutter/Yuba counties
W. J. Bentley, UC IPM Program, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
R. L. Coviello, UC Cooperative Extension, Fresno Co
R. A. Van Steenwyk, Insect Biology, UC Berkeley
M. W. Freeman, UC Cooperative Extension, Fresno Co.
Acknowledgment for contributions to the insects and mites section:
R. E. Rice, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
L. C. Hendricks, UC Cooperative Extension, Merced Co.
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